PCB Analysis

PCB AnalysisPCB Analysis refers to testing for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) –  toxic, persistent chemicals that were once commonly used in transformer oil and other electrical equipment due to their chemical stability and non-flammability.

What Are PCBs?

  • PCBs are synthetic organic chemicals with chlorinated compounds.

  • Used in transformer oils, capacitors, and other electrical gear until the 1970s–80s.

  • Banned or restricted in most countries due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties, and because they bioaccumulate in the environment.

Why Test Transformer Oil for PCBs?

  • Regulatory compliance (e.g. EPA, IEC, OSHA)

  • Environmental protection

  • Worker safety

  • Determine disposal method (hazardous or non-hazardous waste)

  • Identify contaminated transformers that need decontamination or replacement

PCB Analysis Methods

Method Description
Gas Chromatography (GC) Most common; separates and measures PCB concentrations
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) More sensitive; used for very low-level detection
Immunoassay (Screening) Quick field tests; less accurate, used for screening
EPA Method 8082A Standard method for PCB detection in oil samples

PCB Concentration Levels

Concentration (ppm) Classification
< 2 ppm Non-PCB
2 – 50 ppm PCB-Contaminated
> 50 ppm PCB (hazardous)

How to Collect Samples for PCB Testing

  1. Wear proper PPE (gloves, goggles, protective clothing)

  2. Use clean, solvent-rinsed glass bottles

  3. Label the bottle clearly (ID, date, location)

  4. Take samples from bottom valve or oil sampling port

  5. Seal tightly, and send to accredited lab within 48 hours (if possible)

Test Report Includes

  • PCB concentration (in ppm or mg/kg)

  • Analytical method used (e.g. EPA 8082A)

  • Sample ID, source, and date

  • Interpretation (Non-PCB, PCB-Contaminated, or PCB)

If PCB is Detected

  • Equipment may need labeling, decontamination, or special disposal

  • Oil with >50 ppm must be handled as hazardous waste

  • Follow national regulations (e.g. U.S. TSCA regulations, IEC 61619)

Contact Infra-red to find out more.